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Suttantapiṭake
Majjhimanikāyo
Majjhimapaṇṇāsako
2. Bhikkhuvaggo
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa.
2.2.7
68 Cātuma suttaṃ
Evaṃ me sutaṃ ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā cātumāyaṃ viharati āmalakīvane tena kho pana samayena sāriputtamoggallānapamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṃ anuppattāni honti bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Te ca āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā ahesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi1: ’ke panete ānanda uccāsaddā mahāsaddā kevaṭṭā maññe maccavilope’ti.
’Etāni bhante sāriputtamoggallānapamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṃ anuppattāni bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Te āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā’ti. Tena hānanda mama vacanena te bhikkhū āmantehi. Satthāyasmante āmantetī’ti. Evaṃ bhanteti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissutvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami. Upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca: ’satthāyasmante āmantetī’ti. Evamāvusoti kho [PTS Page 457] [\q 457/] te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca: ’kinnu tumhe bhikkhave uccāsaddā mahāsaddā kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilope’ti.
Imāni bhante sāriputtamoggallānapamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatāni cātumaṃ anuppattāni bhagavantaṃ dassanāya. Teme āgantukā bhikkhū nevāsikehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ paṭisammodamānā senāsanāni paññāpayamānā pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānā uccāsaddā mahāsaddā’ti. ’Gacchatha bhikkhave paṇāmemi vo, na vo mama santike vatthabba’nti. Evaṃ bhanteti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā senāsanaṃ saṃsāmetvā pattacīvaraṃ ādāya pakkamiṃsu.
Tena kho pana samayena cātumeyyakā sakyā santhāgāre sannipatitā honti kenacideva karaṇīyena, addasaṃsu1 kho cātumeyyakā sakyā te bhikkhū dūratova gacchante, disvāna yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavocuṃ: ’handa kahaṃ pana tumhe āyasmanto gacchathā’ti. Bhagavatā kho āvuso bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito’ti. ’Tena hāyasmanto muhuttaṃ nisīdatha, appeva nāma mayaṃ sakkuṇeyyāma bhagavantaṃ pasādetu’nti. Evamāvusoti kho te bhikkhū cātumeyyakānaṃ sakyānaṃ paccassosuṃ.
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1. Addasāsuṃ-sīmu, [PTS]
[BJT Page 208] [\x 208/]
Atha kho cātumeyyakā sakyā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho cātumeyyakā sakyā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ: ’abhinandatu bhante bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ, abhivadatu bhante bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ, seyyathāpi bhante bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho anuggahito, evameva1 bhagavā etarahi anugaṇhātu bhikkhusaṅghaṃ. Santettha bhante bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ , siyā viparināmo. Seyyathāpi bhante bījānaṃ taruṇānaṃ udakaṃ alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā viparināmo, evameva kho bhante santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā viparināmo.
Seyyathāpi bhante bījānaṃ taruṇānaṃ udakaṃ alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā viparināmo. Evameva kho bhante santettha [PTS Page 458] [\q 458/] bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ dassanāya alabhantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā viparināmo.
Seyyathāpi bhante vacchassa taruṇassa mātaraṃ apassantassa siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā viparināmo. Evameva kho bhante santettha bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, tesaṃ bhagavantaṃ apassantānaṃ siyā aññathattaṃ, siyā viparināmo. Abhinandatu bhante bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ, abhivadatu bhante bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ. Seyyathāpi bhante bhagavatā pubbe bhikkhusaṅgho [PTS Page 459] [\q 459/] anuggahito, evameva bhagavā etarahi anugaṇhātu bhikkhu saṅgha’nti.
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1. Evamevaṃ-sīmu.
[BJT Page 210] [\x 210/]
Asakkhiṃsu kho cātumeyyakā ca sakyā brahmā ca sahampati bhagavantaṃ pasādetuṃ bījūpamena ca taruṇūpamena ca. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhikkhū āmantesi: ’uṭṭhahathāvuso, gaṇhātha pattacīvaraṃ, pasādito bhagavā cātumeyyakehi ca sakyehi brahmuṇā ca sahampatinā bījūpamena ca taruṇūpamena cā’ti. Evamāvusoti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pattacīvaraṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu, ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ bhagavā etadavoca: kinti te sāriputta ahosi mayā bhikkhusaṅghe paṇāmite’ti. Evaṃ kho me bhante ahosi bhagavatā bhikkhusaṅghe paṇāmite1. Appossukko’dāni bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ anuyutto viharissati. Mayampidāni appossukkā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ anuyuttā viharissāmā’ti. Āgamehi tvaṃ sāriputta, āgamehi tvaṃ sāriputta, diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāranti na kho te sāriputta punapi evarūpaṃ cittaṃ uppādetabbanti2.
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ āmantesi. ’Kinti te moggallāna ahosi mayā bhikkhusaṅghe paṇāmiteti. Evaṃ kho me bhante ahosi bhagavatā bhikkhusaṅghe paṇāmite appossukko’dāni bhagavā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ anuyutto viharissati. Ahañcadāni āyasmā ca sāriputto bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pariharissāmā’ti. Sādhu sādhu moggallāna, ahaṃ vā hi moggallāna bhikkhusaṅghaṃ parihareyyaṃ sāriputta moggallānā vāti.
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: cattārimāni bhikkhave bhayāni udakorohante pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni, katamāni cattāri: ūmībhayaṃ kumbhīḷabhayaṃ āvaṭṭabhayaṃ susukābhayaṃ. Imāni kho bhikkhave cattāri bhayāni udakorohante pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni. Evameva kho bhikkhave cattārimāni bhayāni idhekacce puggale imasmiṃ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajite pāṭikaṅkhitabbāni. Katamāni [PTS Page 460] [\q 460/] cattāri: ūmībhayaṃ kumbhīlabhayaṃ āvaṭṭabhayaṃ susukābhayaṃ.
Katamañca bhikkhave ūmībhayaṃ: idha bhikkhave ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, ’otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto. Appeva nāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. Tamenaṃ tathā pabbajitaṃ samānaṃ sabrahmacārī ovadanti anusāsanti: ’evante abhikkamitabbaṃ. Evante paṭikkamitabbaṃ. Evante ālokitabbaṃ. Evante vilokitabbaṃ. Evante sammiñjitabbaṃ. Evante pasāretabbaṃ.3 Evante saṅghāṭipattacīvaraṃ dhāretabba’nti. Tassa evaṃ hoti:
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1. Bhikkhusaṅgho paṇāmito-machasaṃ 2. Na kho te - pe- uppādetabbaṃ -machasaṃ natthi 3. Pasāritabbaṃ-machasaṃ.
[BJT Page 212] [\x 212/]
Mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā aññe ovadāmapi1 anusāsāmapi2 ime panamhākaṃ puttamattā maññe, nattamattā maññe, amhe ovaditabbaṃ anusāsitabbaṃ maññantīti. So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave ūmībhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto ūmībhayanti kho bhikkhave kodhūpāyāsassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
Katamañca bhikkhave kumbhīlabhayaṃ: idha bhikkhave ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto. Appevanāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti.
Tamenaṃ tathā pabbajitaṃ samānaṃ sabrahmacārī ovadanti. Anusāsanti: ’idaṃ te khāditabbaṃ idaṃ te na khāditabbaṃ, idaṃ te bhuñjitabbaṃ, idaṃ te na bhuñjitabbaṃ, idaṃ te sāyitabbaṃ, idaṃ te na sāyitabbaṃ, idaṃ te pātabbaṃ, idaṃ te na pātabbaṃ, kappiyaṃ te khāditabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na khāditabbaṃ, kappiyaṃ te bhuñjitabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na bhuñajitabbaṃ, kappiyaṃ te sāyitabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na sāyitabbaṃ, kappiyaṃ te pātabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ te na pātabbaṃ, kāle te khāditabbaṃ, vikāle te na khāditabbaṃ, kāle te bhuñjitabbaṃ, vikāle te na bhuñjitabbaṃ, kāle te sāyitabbaṃ, vikāle te na sāyitabbaṃ, kāle te pātabbaṃ, vikāle te na pātabba’nti. Tassa [PTS Page 461] [\q 461/] evaṃ hoti: mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā yaṃ icchāma taṃ khādāma, yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ khādāma, yaṃ icchāma taṃ bhuñjāma, yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ bhuñjāma, yaṃ icchāma taṃ sāyāma, yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ sāyāma, yaṃ icchāma taṃ pivāma3 yaṃ na icchāma na taṃ pivāma. Kappiyampi khādāma, akappiyampi khādāma, kappiyampi bhuñjāma, akappiyampi bhuñjāma, kappiyampi sāyāma, akappiyampi sāyāma, kappiyampi pivāma, akappiyampi pivāma. Kālepi khādāma, vikālepi khādāma, kālepi bhuñjāma vikālepi bhuñjāma, kālepi sāyāma, vikālepi sāyāma, kālepi pivāma, vikālepi pivāma. Yampi no saddhā gahapatikā divā vikāle paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ denti, tatthapi me mukhāvaraṇaṃ maññe karontī’ti. So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave kumbhīlabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. Kumbhīlabhayanti kho bhikkhave odarikattassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
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1. Ovadāma-machasaṃ. 2. Anusāsāma-machasaṃ 3. Pipāma-sīmu.[PTS]
[BJT Page 214] [\x 214/]
Katamañca bhikkhave āvaṭṭabhayaṃ, idha bhikkhave ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti. Otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto. Appevanāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pubbanhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaraṃ ādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena, arakkhitāya vācāya, anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā asaṃvutehi indriyehi. So tattha passati gahapatiṃ vā gahapatiputtaṃ vā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitaṃ samaṅgībhūtaṃ paricārayamānaṃ. Tassa evaṃ hoti: mayaṃ kho pubbe agāriyabhūtā samānā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārimha. Saṃvijjante1 kho kule2 bhogā, sakkā bhoge ca bhuñjituṃ puññāni ca kātu’nti. So sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave āvaṭṭabhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. Āvaṭṭabhayanti kho bhikkhave pañcannetaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
Katamañca bhikkhave susukābhayaṃ, idha bhikkhave [PTS Page 462] [\q 462/] ekacco kulaputto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, otiṇṇomhi jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, dukkhotiṇṇo dukkhapareto, appevanāma imassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa antakiriyā paññāyethā’ti. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pubbanhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaraṃ ādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena, arakkhitāya vācāya, anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā, asaṃvutehi indriyehi. So tattha passati mātugāmaṃ dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā. Tassa mātugāmaṃ disvā dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti, so rāgānuddhastena3 cittena sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Ayaṃ vuccati bhikkhave susukābhayassa bhīto sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto. Susukābhayanti kho bhikkhave mātugāmassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.
Imāni kho bhikkhave cattāri bhayāni idhekacce puggale imasmiṃ dhammavinaye agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajite pāṭikaṅkhitabbānīti.
Idamavoca bhagavā attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Cātuma suttaṃ sattamaṃ.
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1. Saṃvijjanti-machasaṃ. 2. Pana me kule-machasaṃ. 3. Rāgānuddhaṃsena-machasaṃ.