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Suttantapiṭake
Majjhimanikāyo
Uparipaṇṇāsako
1 Devadahavaggo
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa.
3.1.7
107 Gaṇakamoggallāna suttaṃ
Evaṃ me sutaṃ: ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho gaṇakamoggallāno brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sārāṇīyaṃ1 vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho gaṇakamoggallāno brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca:
Seyyathāpi bho gotama, imassa migāramātu pāsādassa dissati anupubbasikkhā anupubbakiriyā anupubbapaṭipadā, yadidaṃ yāca pacchimā sopānakaḷebarā2 imesampi hi bho gotama brāhmaṇānaṃ dissati anupubbasikkhā anupubbakiriyā anupubbapaṭipadā, yadidaṃ ajjhene. Imesampi hi bho gotama, issāsānaṃ dissati anupubbasikkhā anupubbakiriyā anupubbapaṭipadā yadidaṃ issatthe. Ambhākampi hi bho gotama, gaṇakānaṃ gaṇanajīvānaṃ3 dissati anupubbasikkhā anupubbakiriyā anupubbapaṭipadā, yadidaṃ saṅkhāne. Mayaṃ hi bho gotama, antevāsī labhitvā paṭhamaṃ evaṃ gaṇāpema: ekaṃ ekakaṃ, dve dukā, tīṇī tikā, cattāri catukkā, pañca pañcakā, cha chakkā, satta sattakā, aṭṭha aṭṭhakā, nava navakā, dasa dasakāti; satampi mayaṃ bho gotama, gaṇāpema. Bhiyyopi gaṇāpema sakkānu kho bho gotama, imasamimpi dhammavinaye evameva anupubbasikkhā anupubbakiriyā anupubbapaṭipadā paññāpetu’nti.
[PTS Page 002] [\q 2/]
Sakkā brāhmaṇa, imasamimpi dhammavinaye anupubbasikkhā anupubbakiriyā anupubbapaṭipadā paññāpetuṃ. Seyyathāpi brāhmaṇa, dakkho assadamako bhadraṃ assājānīyaṃ labhitvā paṭhameneva mukhādhāne kāraṇaṃ kāreti. Atha uttariṃ kāraṇaṃ kāreti. Evameva kho brāhmaṇa, tathāgato purisadammaṃ4 labhitvā paṭhamaṃ evaṃ vineti: ’ehi tvaṃ bhikkhu,sīlavā hoti pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvutā viharāhi ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvi samādāya sikkhassu sikkhāpadesu’ti.
Yato kho brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvi samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Tamenaṃ tathāgato uttariṃ vineti: ’ehi tvaṃ bhikkhu, indriyesu guttadvāro hohi, cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā mā nimittaggāhī hohi mānubyañjanaggāhī yatvādhikaraṇametaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjāhi. Rakkhāhi cakkhundriyaṃ. Cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjāhi. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā mā nimittaggāhī hohi mānubyāñjanaggāhī yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ sotindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjāhi. Rakkhāhi sotindriyaṃ. Sotindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjāhi. Ghānena ghandhaṃ ghāyitvā mā nimittaggāhī hohi mānubyañjanaggāhī yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ ghānindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjāhi. Rakkhāhi ghānindriyaṃ. Ghānindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjāhi. Jīvhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā mā nimittaggāhī hohi mānubyañjanaggāhī yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ jīvhindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjāhi. Rakkhāhi jīvhindriyaṃ. Jīvhindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjāhi. Kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā mā nimittaggāhī hohi mānubyañjanaggāhī yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ kāyindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjāhi. Rakkhāhi kāyindriyaṃ. Kāyindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjāhi. Manasā dhammaṃ viññāya mā nimittaggāhī hohi mānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhā domanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjāhi. Rakkhāhi manindriyaṃ. Manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjihī’ti.
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1.Sāraṇīyaṃ-majasaṃ. 3.Gaṇānaṃ gaṇānājīvānaṃ- [PTS]
2.Pacchimasopānakalebarā-sīmu. 4.Purisadhammaṃ-sīmu.
[BJT Page 092] [\x 92/]
Yato kho brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti. Tamenaṃ tathāgato uttariṃ vineti: ’ehi tvaṃ bhikkhu, bhojane mattaññū hohi. Paṭisaṅkhā yoniso āhāraṃ āhāreyyāsi. Neva davāya na madāya na maṇḍanāya na vibhusanāya yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā yāpanāya vihiṃsūparatiyā brahmacariyānuggahāya, iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmi, navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmi, yātrā ca me bhavissati anavajjatā ca phāsu vihāro cā’ti.
Yato kho [PTS Page 003] [\q 3/] brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu bhojane mattaññū hoti. Tamenaṃ tathāgato uttariṃ vineti: ’ehi tvaṃ bhikkhu, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto viharāhi, divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodhehi. Rattiyā paṭhamaṃ yāmaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīye hi dhamme hi cittaṃ parisodhehi, rattiyā majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappeyyāsi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasikaritvā, rattiyā pacchimaṃ yāmaṃ paccuṭṭhāya caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodhehī’ti.
Yato kho brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti tamenaṃ tathāgato uttariṃ vineti ’ehi tvaṃ bhikkhu, satisampajjaññena samannāgato hohi ’abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī, ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī, sammiñjite pasārite samapajānakārī, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jagārite bhāsite tuṇhīgāve sampajānakārī’ti.
Yato kho brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu satisampajaññena samannāgato hoti. Tamenaṃ tathāgato uttariṃ vineti: ’ehi tvaṃ bhikkhu, vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhaja1 araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñja’nti. So vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjaṃ.
So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā, so abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā viharati. Abhijjhāya cittaṃ parisodheti, byāpādapadosaṃ pahāya abyāpannacitto viharati sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī. Byāpādapadosā cittaṃ parisodheti thīnamiddhaṃ pahāya vigata thīnamiddho viharati ālokasaññī sato sampajāno, thīnamiddhā cittaṃ parisodheti uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahāya anuddhato viharati ajjhattaṃ vūpasantacitto. Uddhaccakukkuccā cittaṃ parisodheti. Vicikicchaṃ pahāya tiṇṇavicikiccho viharati. Akathaṅkathi kusalesu dhammesu. Vicikicchāya cittaṃ parisodheti.
[PTS Page 004] [\q 4/]
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1.Bhajāhi-sīmu,majasaṃ.
[BJT Page 094] [\x 94/]
So ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe civicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ1 upasampajja viharati vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ2 upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti. Yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti, upekkhako satimā sukhavihārīti. Taṃ tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ3 upasampajja viharati. Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ4 upasasampajja viharati.
Ye kho te brāhmaṇa, bhikkhū sekhā5 appattamānasā6 anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ patthayamānā viharanti. Tesu me ayaṃ evarūpī anusāsanī hoti: ’ye pana te bhikkhu arahanto bīṇāsavā vusitavanto katakaraṇīyā ohitabhārā anuppattasadatthā parikkhīṇabhavasaññojanā sammadaññā vimuttā. Tesaṃ ime dhammā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya ceva saṃvattanti satisampajaññāya cā’ti.
Evaṃ vutte gaṇakamoggallāno brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: ’kinnu kho bhoto gotamassa sāvakā bhotā gotamena evaṃ ovadiyamānā evaṃ anusāsiyamānā sabbeva accantaniṭṭhaṃ nibbānaṃ ārādhenti, udāhu ekacce nārādhentī’ti?.
Appekacce kho brāhmaṇa, mama sāvakā mayā evaṃ ovadiyamānā evaṃ anusāsiyamānā accantaniṭṭhaṃ nibbānaṃ ārādhenti, ekacce nārādhentī’ti.
Ko nu kho bhante, hetu, ko paccayo, yaṃ tiṭṭhateva nibbānaṃ, tiṭṭhati nibbānagāmimaggo, tiṭṭhati bhavaṃ gotamo samādapetā, atha ca pana bhoto gotamassa sāvakā bhotā gotamena evaṃ ovadiyamānā evaṃ anusāsiyamānā appekacce accantaniṭṭhaṃ nibbānaṃ ārādhenti, ekaceva nārādhentī’ti.
Tena hi brāhmaṇa, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi. Yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. ’Taṃ kiṃ [PTS Page 005] [\q 5/] maññasi brāhmaṇa, kusalo tvaṃ rājagahagāmissa maggassā’ti?
Evaṃ bho, kusalo ahaṃ rājagahagāmissa maggassā’ti.
Evaṃ bho, kusalo ahaṃ rājagahagāmissa maggassā’ti.
Taṃ kiṃ maññasi brāhmaṇa, idha puriso āgaccheyya rājagahaṃ gantukāmo, so taṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadeyya: ’icchāmahaṃ bhante, rājagahaṃ gantuṃ, tassa me rājagahassa maggaṃ upadisāti. Tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi: ’ehambho purisa, ayaṃ maggo rājagahaṃ gacchati, tena muhuttaṃ gaccha, tena muhuttaṃ ganatvā dakkhissasi amukaṃ nāma gāmaṃ, tena muhuttaṃ gaccha, tena muhuttaṃ ganatvā dakkhissasi amukaṃ nāma nigamaṃ, tena muhuttaṃ gaccha, tena muhuttaṃ gantvā dakkhissasi rājagahassa ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇīrāmaṇeyyaka’nti. So tayā evaṃ ovadiyamāno evaṃ anusāsiyamāno ummaggaṃ gahetvā pacchāmukho gaccheyya.
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1.Paṭhamajjhānaṃ-sīmu,[PTS] 2.Dutiyajjhānaṃ-sīmu, [PTS]
3.Tatiyajjhānaṃ-sīmu,[PTS] 4.Catutthajjhānaṃ-sīmu, [PTS]
5.Sekkhā-sīmu,majasaṃ. 6.Apattamānasā-sīmu,majasaṃ.
[BJT Page 096] [\x 96/]
Atha dutiyo puriso āgaccheyyarājagahaṃ gantukāmo. So taṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadeyya: ’icchāmahaṃ bhante, rājagahaṃ gantuṃ. Tassa me rājagahassa maggaṃ upadisā’ti. Tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi: ehambho purisa, ayaṃ maggo rājagahaṃ gacchati, tena muhuttaṃ gaccha, tena muhuttaṃ gantavā dakkhissasi amukaṃ nāma gāmaṃ, tena muhuttaṃ gaccha, tena muhuttaṃ gantvā dakkhissasi amukaṃ nāma nigamaṃ, tena muhuttaṃ gaccha, tena muhuttaṃ gantvā dakkhissasi rājagahassa ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇīrāmaṇeyyaka’nti. So tayā evaṃ ovadiyamāno evaṃ anusāsiyamāno sotthinā rājagahaṃ gaccheyya.
[PTS Page 006] [\q 6/]
Ko nu kho brāhmaṇa, hetu, ko paccayo, yaṃ tiṭṭhateva rājagahaṃ tiṭṭhati rājagahagāmī maggo, tiṭṭhati tvaṃ samādapetā. Atha ca pana tayā evaṃ ovadiyamāno evaṃ anusāsiyamāno eko puriso ummaggaṃ gahetvā pacchāmukho gaccheyya. Eko sotthinā rājagahaṃ gaccheyyā’ti?
Ettha kyāhaṃ bho gotama karomi, maggakkhāyīhaṃ bho gotamā’ti.
Evameva kho brāhmaṇa, tiṭṭhateva nibbānaṃ, tiṭṭhati nibbānagāmimaggo, tiṭṭhāmahaṃ samādapetā, atha ca pana mama sāvakā mayā evaṃ ovadiyamānā evaṃ anusāsiyamānā appekacce accantaniṭṭhaṃ nibbānaṃ ārādhenti, ekacce nārādhenti. Ettha kyāhaṃ brāhmaṇa, karomi? Maggakkhāyīhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, tathāgato’ti.
Evaṃ vutte gaṇakamoggallāno brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: ’yeme bho gotama, puggalā assaddhā jīvikatthā1 agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā saṭhā māyāvino keṭubhino2 uddhatā unnaḷā capalā mukharā vikiṇṇavācā indriyesu aguttadvārā bhojane amattaññuno jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttā sāmaññe anapekkhavanto3 sikkhāya na tibbagāravā bāhulikā4 sāthalikā okkamane pubbaṅgamā paviveke nikkhittadhurā kusītā hīnaviriyā muṭṭhassatino asampajānā asamāhitā vibbhantacittā duppaññā eḷamugā, na tehi bhavaṃ gotamo saddhiṃ saṃvasati.
Ye paname kulaputtā saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā asaṭhā amāyāvino akeṭubhino anuddhatā anunnaḷā acapalā amukharā avikiṇṇavācā indriyesu guttadvārā bhojane mattaññuno jāgariyaṃ anuyuttā sāmaññe apekkhavanto sikkhāya tibbagāravā na bāhulikā na sāthalikā okkamane nikkhittadhurā paviveke pubbaṅgamā āraddhaviriyā pahitattā upaṭṭhitasatino sampajānā samāhitā ekaggacittā paññavanto5 aneḷamūgā, tehi bhavaṃ gotamo saddhiṃ saṃvasati.
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1.Jīvikatthā na saddhā-majasaṃ. 2.Ketabino-majasaṃ
3.Anapekhavanto- [PTS] 4.Bāhullikā-syā.
5.Paññāvanto-sīmu.
[BJT Page 098] [\x 98/]
Seyyathāpi bho gotama, ye keci mūlagandhā, kālānusārikaṃ1 tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Ye keci sāragandhā, lohitacandanaṃ tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Ye keci pupphagandhā, [PTS Page 007] [\q 7/] vassikaṃ tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati. Evameva kho bhoto gotamassa ovādo paramajjadhammesu.
’Abhikkantaṃ bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ bho gotama, seyyathāpi bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷahassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhintī’ti evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gatanti.
Gaṇaka moggallāna suttaṃ sattamaṃ.
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1.Kālānusāri-sīmu,majasaṃ.