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Suttantapiṭake
Majjhimanikāyo
Uparipaṇṇāsako
3 Suññatavaggo
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa.
3.3.7
127 Anuruddha suttaṃ
Evaṃ me sutaṃ: ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho pañcakaṅgo thapati aññataraṃ purisaṃ āmantesi: ’ehi tvaṃ ambho purisa, yenāyasmā anuruddho tenupasaṅkama. Upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena āyasmato [PTS Page 145] [\q 145/] anuruddhassa pāde sirasā vandāhi. Pañcakaṅgo bhante, thapati āyasmanto anuruddhassa pāde sirasā vandatī’ti. Evañca vadehi: adhivāsetu kira bhante, āyasmā anuruddho pañcakaṅgassa thapatissa svātanāya attacatuttho bhattaṃ, yena ca kira bhante, āyasmā anuruddho pagevataraṃ āgaccheyya, pañcaṅgo bhante, thapati bahukicco bahukaraṇīyo rājakaraṇīyenā’ti.
Evaṃ bhanteti kho so puriso pañcaṅgassa thapatissa paṭissutvā yenāyasmā anuruddho tenupasaṅkami. Upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so puriso āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavoca: ’pañcaṅgo bhante, thapati āyasmato anuruddhassa pāde sirasā vandati. Evaṃ ca vadeti: ’adhivāsetu kira bhante, āyasmā anuruddho pañcakaṅgassa thapatissa svātanāya attacatuttho bhattaṃ. Yena ca kira bhante, āyasmā anuruddho pagevataraṃ āgaccheyya. Pañcakaṅgo bhante, thapati bahukicco bahukaraṇīyo rājakaraṇīyenā’ti. Adhivāsesi kho āyasmā anuruddho tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho tassā rattiyā accayena pubbanhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena pañcakaṅgassa thapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ paṇītena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ bhuttāviṃ oṇītapattapāṇīṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavoca:
Idha maṃ bhante1 therā bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu: ’appamāṇaṃ gahapati, cetovimuttiṃ bhāvehī’ti. Ekacce therā evamāhaṃsu: ’mahaggataṃ gahapati, cetovimuttiṃ bhāvehī’ti. Yā cāyaṃ bhante, appamāṇā cetovimutti, yā ca mahaggatā cetovimutti, ime dhammā nānatthā ceva [PTS Page 146] [\q 146/] nānābyañjanā ca? Udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānanti?
Tena hi gahapati, taññevettha paṭibhātu apannakaṃ te ito bhavissatīti.
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1. Idha bhante- [PTS]
[BJT Page 334] [\x 334/]
Mayhaṃ kho bhante, evaṃ hoti. Yā cāyaṃ appamāṇā ceto vimutti, yā ca mahaggatā cetovimutti, ime dhammā ekatthā byañjanameva nānanti.
Yā cāyaṃ gahapati, appamāṇā cetovimutti, yā ca mahaggatā cetovimutti, ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca. Tadamināpetaṃ gahapati, pariyāyena veditabbaṃ, yathā ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca.
Katamā ca gahapati, appamāṇā cetovimutti? Idha gahapati bhikkhū mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthiṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjhena pharitvā viharati. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthiṃ. Iti
Uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ karuṇāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjhena pharitvā viharati. Muditāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthiṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ muditāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjhena pharitvā viharati. Upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthiṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjhena pharitvā viharati. Tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthiṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjhena pharitvā viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati gahapati appamāṇā cetovimutti.
Katamā ca gahapati mahaggatā cetovimutti? Idha gahapati bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Idha pana gahapati bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā rukkhamūlāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati ayampi vuccati gahapati mahaggatā cetovimutti. Idha pana gahapati, bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ gāmakkhettaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayampi vuccati gahapati, mahaggatā ceto vimutti. Idha pana gahapati, bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā gāmakkhettāni pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayampi vuccati gahapati, mahaggatā ceto vimutti. Idha pana gahapati, bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ mahārajjaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayampi vuccati gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Idha [PTS Page 147] [\q 147/] pana gahapati, bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā mahārajjāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati, ayampi vuccati gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Idha pana gahapati bhikkhu yāvatā samuddapariyantaṃ paṭhaviṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayampi vuccati gahapati, mahaggatā cetovimutti. Iminā kho etaṃ gahapati pariyāyena veditabbaṃ yathā ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjenā ca.
Catasso kho imā gahapati, bhavūpapattiyo, katamā catasso? Idha gahapati ekacco parittābhāti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. So kāyassa bhedā parammaraṇā parittābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahavyataṃ upapajjati. Idha pana gahapati, ekacco appamāṇābhāti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. So kāyassa bhedā parammaraṇā appamāṇā bhānaṃ devānaṃ sahavyataṃ upapajjati. Idha pana gahapati, ekacco saṅkiliṭṭhābhāti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. So kāyassa bhedā parammaraṇā saṅkiliṭṭhābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahavyataṃ upapajjati. Idha pana gahapati, ekacco parisuddhābhāti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. So kāyassa bhedā parammaraṇā parisuddhābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahavyataṃ upapajjati. Imā kho gahapati, catasso bhavūpapattiyo.
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Hoti khe so gahapati, samayo, yā tā devatā ekajjhaṃ sannipatanti. Tāsaṃ ekajjhaṃ sannipatitānaṃ vaṇṇanānattaṃ hi kho paññāyati. No ca ābhānānattaṃ. Seyyathāpi gahapati, puriso sambahulāni telappadīpāni ekaṃ gharaṃ paveseyya, tesaṃ ekaṃ gharaṃ pavesitānaṃ accinānattaṃ hi kho paññāyetha no ca ābhānānattaṃ. Evameva kho gahapati, hoti kho so samayo, yā tā devatā ekajjhaṃ sannipatanti, [PTS Page 148] [\q 148/] tāsaṃ ekajjhaṃ sannipatitānaṃ vaṇṇanānattaṃ hi kho paññāyati. No ca ābhānānattaṃ. Hoti kho so gahapati samayo, yā tā devatā tato vipakkamanti, tāsaṃ tato vipakkamantīnaṃ vaṇṇanānattaṃ ceva paññāyati, ābhānānantañca. Seyyathāpi gahapati, puriso tāni sambahulāni telappadipāni tamhā gharā nīhareyya tesaṃ tato niharantānaṃ accinānattaṃ ceva paññāyetha ābhānānattañca. Evameva kho gahapati, hoti kho so samayo, yā tā devatā tato vipakkamanti. Tāsaṃ tato vipakkamantīnaṃ vaṇṇanānattaṃ ceva paññāyati ābhānānattañca. Na kho gahapati, tāsaṃ devatānaṃ evaṃ hoti: idaṃ amhākaṃ niccanti vā dhuvanti vā sassatanti vā. Api ca yattha yattheva tā devatā adhivasanti1 tattha tattheva tā devatā abhiramanti. Seyyathāpi gahapati, makkhikānaṃ kājena vā piṭakena vā harīyamānānaṃ na evaṃ hoti: idaṃ amhākaṃ niccanti vā dhuvanti vā sassatanti vā, api ca yattha yattheva tā makkhikā abhinivisanti, tattha tattheva tā makkhikā abhiramanti. Evameva kho gahapati tāsaṃ devatāṃ na evaṃ hoti: idaṃ amhākaṃ niccanti vā dhuvanti vā sassatanti vā, api ca yattha yattheva tā devatā adhivasanti, tattha tattheva tā devatā abhiramantīti.
Evaṃ vutte āyasmā sabhiyo kaccāno āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavoca: sādhu bhante anuruddha, atthi ca me phattha uttariṃ paṭipucchitabbaṃ. Yā tā bhante devatā ābhā, sabbā tā parittābhā? Udāhu santettha ekaccā devatā appamāṇābhāti?
Tadaṅgena kho āvuso kaccāna, santi pana ettha2 ekaccā devatā parittābhā, santi panetthekaccā devatā appamāṇābhāti.
Ko nu kho bhante anuruddha, hetu, ko paccayo. Yena tāsaṃ devatānaṃ ekaṃ devanikāyaṃ upapannānaṃ santetthekaccā [PTS Page 149] [\q 149/] devatā parittābhā? Santi panetthekaccā devatā appamāṇābhāti?
Tena hāvuso kaccāna, taṃyevettha paṭipucchissāmi yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ vyākareyyāsi. Taṃ kimmaññasi āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Yo cāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā rukkhamūlāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarāti?
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1. Abhinivisanti-sīmu.[PTS] 2. Santettha-majasaṃ.
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Yvāyaṃ bhante bhikkhū yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā rukkhamūlāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarāti.
Taṃ kimmaññasi āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tiṇi vā rukkhamūlāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Yo cāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ gāmakkhettaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarāti?
Yvāyaṃ bhante bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ gāmakkhettaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarāti.
Taṃ kimmaññasi āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ gāmakkhettaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Yo cāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā gāmakkhettāni mahaggatanti pharitvā [PTS Page 150] [\q 150/] adhimuccitvā viharati. Imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarāti?
Yvāyaṃ bhante bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā gāmakkhettāni mahaggatanti pharitvā
Adhimuccitvā viharati ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarāti.
Taṃ kimmaññasi āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tiṇi vā gāmakkhettāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Yo cāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ mahārajjaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarāti?
Yvāyaṃ bhante bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ mahārajjaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarāti.
Taṃ kimmaññasi āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā ekaṃ mahārajjaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Yo cāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā mahārajjāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarāti?
Yvāyaṃ bhante bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā mahārajjāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarāti.
Taṃ kimmaññasi āvuso kaccāna, yvāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā dve vā tīṇi vā mahārajjāni mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Yo cāyaṃ bhikkhu yāvatā samaddapariyantaṃ paṭhaviṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ katamā cittabhāvanā mahaggatatarāti?
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Yvāyaṃ bhante, bhikkhu yāvatā samaddapariyantaṃ paṭhaviṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Ayaṃ imāsaṃ ubhinnaṃ cittabhāvanānaṃ mahaggatatarāti.
Ayaṃ kho āvuso kaccāna, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena tāsaṃ devatānaṃ ekaṃ devanikāyaṃ upapannānaṃ santetthekaccā devatā parittābhā, santi panetthekaccā devatā appamāṇābhāti.
Sādhu bhante anuruddha, atthi ca me ettha uttariṃ paṭipucchitabbaṃ. Yāvatā bhante, devatā ābhā, sabbā tā saṅkiliṭṭhābhā? Udāhu santetthekaccā devatā parisuddhābhāti?
[PTS Page 151] [\q 151/]
Tadaṅgena kho āvuso kaccāna, santetthekaccā devatā saṅkaliṭṭhābhā santi panetthekaccā devatā parisuddhābhāti.
Ko nu kho bhante anuruddha, hetu ko paccayo, yena tāsaṃ devatānaṃ ekaṃ devanikāyaṃ upapannānaṃ santetthekaccā devatā saṅkaliṭṭhābhā santi panetthekaccā devatā parisuddhabhāti.
Tena hāvuso kaccāna, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāyapidhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Seyyathāpi āvuso kaccāna, telappadīpassa jhāyato telampi aparisuddhaṃ, vaṭṭipi aparisuddhā, so telassapi aparisuddhattā vaṭṭiyāpi aparisuddhattā andhandhaṃ viya jhāyāti. Evameva kho āvuso kaccāna, idhekacco bhikkhu saṃkiliṭṭhābhāti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Tassa kāyaduṭṭhullampi na suppaṭippassaddhaṃ hoti. Thīnamiddhampi na susamūhataṃ hoti. Uddhaccakukkuccampi na suppaṭivinītaṃ hoti. So kāyaduṭṭhullassapi na suppaṭippassaddhattā thīnamiddhassapi na susamūhattā uddhaccakkuccassapi na suppaṭivinītattā andhandhaṃ viya jhāyati. So kāyassa bhedā parammaraṇā saṃkiliṭṭhābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahavyataṃ upapajjati. Seyyathāpi āvuso kaccāna, telappadīpassa jhāyato telampi parisuddhaṃ, vaṭṭipi parisuddhā, so telassapi parisuddhattā vaṭṭiyāpi parisuddhattā na andhandhaṃ viya jhāyati. Evameva kho āvuso kaccāna, idhekacco bhikkhu parisuddhābhāti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Tassa kāyaduṭṭhullampi suppaṭippassaddhaṃ hoti. Thīnamiddhampi susamūhataṃ hoti. Uddhaccakukkuccampi suppaṭivinītaṃ hoti. So kāyaduṭṭhullassapi suppaṭippassaddhattā thīnamiddhassapi susamūhatattā uddhaccakukkuccassapi suppaṭivinītattā na andhandhaṃ viya jhāyati. So kāyassa bhedā parammaraṇā parisuddhābhānaṃ devānaṃ sahavyataṃ upapajjati.
[PTS Page 152] [\q 152/]
Ayaṃ kho avuso kaccāna, hetu ayaṃ paccayo, yena tāsaṃ devatānaṃ ekaṃ devanikāyaṃ upapannānaṃ santetthekaccā devatā saṅkiliṭṭhābhā, santi panetthekaccā devatā parisuddhābhāti.
Evaṃ vutte āyasmā sabhiyo kaccāno āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavoca: ’sādhu bhante anuruddha, na bhante, āyasmā anuruddho evamāha: evaṃ me sutanti vā, evaṃ arahati bhavitunti vā.
[BJT Page 342] [\x 342/]
Atha ca pana bhante, āyasmā anuruddho ’evampi tā devatā itipi tā devatāttheva bhāsati. Tassa mayhaṃ bhante, evaṃ hoti: addhāyasmatā anuruddhena tāhi devatāhi saddhiṃ sannivutthapubbañceva sallapitapubbañca sākacchā ca samāpajjitapubbāti.
Addhā kho te ayaṃ āvuso kaccāna, āsajja upanīya vācā bhāsitā. Api ca te ahaṃ vyākarissāmi. Dīgharattaṃ kho āvuso kaccāna, tāhi devatāhi saddhiṃ sannivutthapubbañceva sallapitapubbañca sākacchā ca samāpajjitapubbāti.
Evaṃ vutte āyasmā sabhiyo kaccāno pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ etadavoca: ’lābhā te gahapati. Suladdhaṃ te gahapati. Yaṃ tvaṃ ceva taṃ saṅkhādhammaṃ pahāsi. Mayañci’maṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ alatthamhā savaṇāyā’ti.
Anuruddha suttaṃ sattamaṃ